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Studied the mineral composition of clay raw materials from 48 deposits of Ukraine, which have industrial application. The influence of the mineral composition of clays on the properties of ceramic materials obtained on their basis has been established. Diagrams are plotted in which areas of the mineral composition of clays with a mass fraction of free quartz from 30 to 50%, suitable for the production of wall and facade ceramics, obtained in the firing temperature range of 950 - 1050 ° C, are highlighted.
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The reasons for the low efficiency of reducing the iron content in the kaolin composition of the Zhuravliny Log deposit by the method of dry classification by fractions are analyzed. The technology of biochemical method of kaolin enrichment is proposed. Various technological regimes and processing conditions have been studied to facilitate the reduction and removal of iron from the composition of kaolin.
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The directions of using gabbro-basalt raw materials for the production of mineral wool and the industry requirements for it are considered. The reasons for the instability of the quality and composition of raw materials are shown. Recommendations were given to producers for solving the raw material problem - preparation of their own deposits based on geological prerequisites, mineralogical and technological mapping of objects, organization of selective extraction of raw materials.
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The possibility of obtaining basalt continuous fiber from unconventional rocks from different countries is shown. The main technological parameters of the production of continuous fiber from the main rocks with SiO
2 content from 45 to 50% have been determined. The main physical and chemical characteristics of continuous basalt fiber have been investigated.
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Numerous data on the magnetic separation of raw materials for the production of glass and ceramics are summarized with an additional key indicator - the separation efficiency (relative decrease in the content of ferrous impurities); an unsystematic scatter of these data is revealed. It was stated that the results of traditional control (in terms of the "single" form of Fe
2 O
3 impurities), giving reason to judge the presence of a formal concentration dependence, nevertheless do not allow a logical systematization of the accumulated data array with an assessment of the media according to the "propensity" to separation and the assessment of separators according to their targeted preference. For targeted control of impurities (active in the separator), it is recommended to use the magnetic control method.
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The results of X-ray phase, differential thermal, thermogravimetric, infrared spectroscopic analyzes of diatomite from the Inzenskoye deposit are presented, as well as the results of experimental cooking of glass granulate based on diatomite.
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A review of studies on the nature of the most effective methods for regulating the liquefaction and fluidity of kaolin from the Zhuravliny Log deposit is presented. The data on the material, mineral and micro-aggregate compositions of different types of kaolin, as well as the features of the morphology and crystal-chemical properties of kaolinite are presented. It is shown that microaggregates of kaolin consist of a mixture of kaolinite of different sizes: from large to small with an average degree of ordering, up to superfine and X-ray amorphous.
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Hits: 29169
Plasticizing additives "Litoplast M" contribute to the production of a plastic clay mass with optimal molding properties. The introduction of these modifiers leads to an increase in mechanical strength, a decrease in the value of open porosity and water absorption of the finished product.
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A comprehensive study of the compositions and properties of primary kaolins of the deposits of the Republic of Belarus "Sitnitsa" and "Dedovka" has been carried out. The fractional mineralogical and chemical composition, phase transformations upon heating, dilatometric characteristics and properties of kaolin raw materials have been studied. The relationship between the degree of conditionality, structure and physicochemical characteristics was established, which made it possible to recommend the most rational methods of enrichment of the studied kaolin raw materials.
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The analysis of physical and technical indicators, chemical and mineralogical compositions of pyrophyllite rocks of the Kul-Yurt-Tau deposit of the Republic of Bashkortostan in terms of their use as the main component of refractory composites on a phosphate binder is carried out. The characteristics of the pyrophyllite mineral and the rocks of the indicated deposit are considered. Based on the information received, the initial materials for research were selected. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 14 titles.
