The paper studies the effect of adding potassium form of silicon-phosphorus-antimony cationite (K:KFS-cationite) to a potassium nitrate salt bath on the magnitude of compressive stresses on the surface of sodium-calcium-magnesium silicate glass. Compressive stresses are formed as a result of low-temperature ion exchange Na+ (glass) – K+ (salt melt). Two types of potassium nitrate were studied: technical grade B and chemically pure grade Extra pure. To determine the distribution of compressive stresses in the surface layer of glass, the waveguide spectroscopy method was used, with the help of which the profile of birefringence was measured and the stress profile was calculated. To measure microhardness, a PMT-3 microhardness tester was used. It is shown that the introduction of K:KFS cationite into the potassium nitrate melt leads to an improvement in the ion exchange conditions for two grades of nitrate compared to the salt melt without the cationite – namely to an increase in the value of compressive stresses, the depth of the ion exchange layer and microhardness. The increase in compressive stresses in relation to the initial glass after ion exchange with the addition of cationite was 155 MPa for grade B and 450 MPa – for grade Extra pure. The increase in microhardness in relation to the initial glass was 120 % for grade B and 240 % – for grade Extra pure. The cationite significantly improves the ion exchange conditions for technical potassium nitrate grade B. The introduction of cationite into the salt bath melt is a promising direction in ion exchange technology used to increase the mechanical and thermal strength of glass products. This technological approach is especially relevant in glass strengthening production, where cheaper technical potassium nitrate is used.
Alhalabi H. – PhD student, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Dmitriy V. Marasanov – PhD (Physics and Mathematics), leading engineer, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Nikolay V. Nikonorov – Doctor of Science, Leading Professor, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Mariya A. Sinyakova – PhD (Chemistry), Docent, Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Galina G. Chernik – PhD (Chemistry), CEO, Active-nano LLC, St. Petersburg, Russia
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