VOL 72, No. 5 (1999)

The reasons and conditions for the formation of crack nuclei during the production of thermally polished glass, their further development and behavior during operation are considered. Il. 2, bibliography: 2 titles.

The issues of mathematical modeling of the process of melting lead-containing glasses used in the production of ceramic paints are considered. On the basis of laboratory studies, the stages of physicochemical transformations in the charge and during the production of glass melt have been established. Industrial experiments made it possible to establish the optimal temperature conditions for the processes of obtaining acid-resistant glasses. This made it possible to reasonably calculate the gas consumption during glass melting. Il. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.

The possibility of changing the surface properties of sitalls by crystallizing glass in a controlled gas environment is shown. The main gas reagents and their action in the process of glass heat treatment are analyzed. The technological parameters of the use of gaseous reagents are considered, the operational properties of glass-crystalline materials with a modified surface are given. Bibliography: 15 titles.

Experimental results of studying the effect of laser radiation on glass-crystalline cement and photositall are presented. Treatment with laser beams leads to amorphization of the structure, the appearance of microcracks, and changes in the mechanical and dielectric properties of materials. Tab. 2, ill. 5, bibliography: 6 titles.

A method is proposed for the quantitative assessment of the composition of dispersed systems or structures by the volumetric concentration of the constituent phases in the implementation of any technological operation in the production of silicate and ceramic materials. The possibility of using a triple phase diagram and criteria for the formation of a structure - the volumetric concentration of a solid phase and a structural-energy parameter - for monitoring and controlling the formation of structures at all main stages of the technological process is shown. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 10 titles.

Using 50 dense and porous corundum materials with sintering additives as an example, the dependence of the material strength on the strength of interparticle contacts P, interlayer thickness h, particle size d, and the amount of additives is analyzed. A linear dependence of Р on d for porous materials and a quadratic dependence of Р on d 2 for dense materials is established. The dependence of h on d is linear in all cases. It is shown that the P index is more sensitive to the structural characteristics of the material than its strength. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 17 titles.

The technology of manufacturing a lightweight material suitable for operation in an unprotected lining up to a temperature of 1300 - 1350 ° C is considered. The material has an apparent density of 0.35 to 0.70 g / cm ³ and has good thermal insulation and high strength characteristics. Tab. 1, bibliography: 2 titles.

The reasons for the appearance of a vacuum bubble during the molding of articles by the pre-pressing method and measures for their elimination are considered. Il. 1, bibliography: 4 titles.

The results of a study of the combustion products of aerogels of mixtures of ultrafine aluminum and boron powders in air are presented. Il. 2, bibliography: 12 titles.

Shown is the state of affairs in the collection, preparation and use of cullet abroad and in the CIS. Information about cullet obtained from glass factories in Russia and the CIS is summarized. Tab. 3, ill. 1, bibliography: 23 titles.