VOL 73, No. 3 (2000)

The process of obtaining light and heat absorbing glasses of a wide color gamut is considered. The scheme of interaction of various color centers associated with Se, CoO, FeO, Fe ₂ O and their combinations is presented. The results obtained can be used in the production of high-quality, container, lighting and other types of glass. Il. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.

The change in the direction of oxidation-reduction equilibrium Fe (II) = Fe (III) and S (IV) = S (VI) during glass melting was investigated when sodium silicofluoride, an accelerator of melting, was introduced into the charge. Tab. 1, bibliography: 8 titles.

Using the sol-gel method of obtaining luminescent silicate materials, the kinetics of the process at the initial stages of hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane at different temperatures and component ratios has been studied. A model of the process is proposed, and the rate constants of the reaction are determined. The conclusion is made about the limiting influence of the polycondensation stage up to the gelation point. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 14 titles.

The influence of the redox potentials (ORP) of charges and glass breakage on the color of glasses of industrial compositions containing up to 0.5% iron oxides has been investigated. The boundaries of the ORP values ??of the charge have been established, which make it possible to obtain glasses of green, blue-green, yellow-green and brown colors. The results obtained make it possible to predict the color and shades of glass at the stage of batch preparation. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.

A local species of diopside rock was investigated with the aim of using it in the compositions of ceramic tiles. The peculiarities of sintering and phase formation of ceramics at the combination of diopside rock with local clays of Khakassia have been established. A diagram has been developed for the selection of the composition of the slab masses with the required degree of sintering. The properties of tiles for different purposes of optimal compositions are given. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.

The possibility of reinforcing ceramic materials based on zirconium dioxide and phosphate binders has been investigated. The effect on the flexural strength of the pressing pressure, the S / L ratio, the manufacturing method, the content and type of the reinforcing substance and various modifications of the initial substance is shown. Tab. 4, ill. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.

The results of X-ray diffraction studies of single crystals of silicon carbide a-SiC (6H) and a new, previously unknown modification of g-SiC with a rhombic lattice are presented. The parameters of the rhombic lattice are related to the parameter a of the hexagonal and cubic lattices of SiC as follows: a _p = a _r, b _p = 3a _r, from _p = 3a _to. Bibliography: 14 titles.

Based on the study of the main physical and chemical processes occurring in the system clay - water - surfactants, the possibility of using cutting fluids in the production of building ceramics without significant changes in the technological process is shown. At the same time, a reduction in the duration of drying, savings in thermal energy, and a decrease in rejects are achieved. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliography: 10 titles.

The compositions and the principle of preparation of glass-forming colloidal solutions, resistant to gelation, based on tetraethoxysilane are presented. The processes occurring during the heating of the products of thermal deposition of solutions are considered. Using the mathematical planning of the experiment, the influence of oxides of molybdenum, manganese and copper on the adhesion strength between the coating and the substrate was established. The modes of formation and properties of protective glassy coatings are indicated. Il. 4, bibliography: 11 titles.

The compositions and properties of a new technological lubricant for glass molds and glass-forming machines are presented. Its advantages are shown in comparison with known lubricants based on colloidal-graphite preparations. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 1 titles.

Issues related to the design training of students of the South Russian State Technical University are considered, in particular, on the example of teaching students at the Department of Ceramics, Glass and Binder Technology in the specialties "Artistic processing of materials" and "Chemical technology of refractory non-metallic and silicate materials". Il. 1, bibliography: 2 titles.