VOL 82, No. 1 (2009)

The results of a study of the possibility of synthesizing pigments of a corundum-spinel structure are presented, methods of directed regulation of the processes of structure and phase formation for obtaining pigments with high physicochemical characteristics have been developed. The relationship between the temperature-time parameters of the synthesis, the content of the introduced additives of oxides-modifiers and mineralizers with the type and amount of forming color-bearing phases, providing a rich color and a wide range of colors of pigments, has been established. Il. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.

The deformation behavior of porcelain and semi-porcelain specimens during firing under various types of loading is investigated: bending, tension, torsion. The dependences of the effective viscosity of materials on temperature have been calculated. The simplest way to determine deformation stability is bending of cantilevered specimens, the most informative and accurate is the torsion of thin-walled tubes. Il. 4, bibliography: 9 titles.

The results of experimental studies of the process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS method) of blue-green nickel-containing spinels are presented. The composition of the compounds was confirmed by IR-spectroscopic, X-ray phase, metallographic and X-ray microanalysis analyzes. The influence of the composition of the charge on the structure and phase composition of the obtained compounds is shown. The SHS method makes it possible to obtain spinels, which can be used as high-temperature ceramic pigments. Il. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.

The use of the methods for managing the structure and properties of materials, obtaining intermediate products, considered in the article, makes it possible to unify the individual characteristics of even low-quality raw materials and improve the quality of products. Il. 3, tab. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.

The boundaries of the area corresponding to kaolin samples from the Zhuravliniy Log deposit were determined in the MCO colorimetric system L ^* A ^* B ^*. It is shown that discriminant analysis makes it possible to interpret the processes of kaolin color formation after its processing at different temperatures, and to assess the contribution of variables - color coordinates - to the dominant processes in each heat treatment interval. A technique for identifying the latent (hidden) component of the coloring ability of iron compounds in kaolin is proposed. A multidimensional grading of kaolin samples by whiteness and yellowness by quality categories has been carried out. Tab. 6, ill. 3, bibliography: 8 titles.

The use of man-made waste, primarily from the mining and processing industry, and sludge from biological wastewater treatment of aeration plants of cities and enterprises in the production of large-tonnage building materials, such as ceramic bricks and cement, can be considered as a solution to acute environmental and technical problems in the country's building materials industry.

To obtain a wide range of competitive ceramic wall materials from low-grade clays, it is recommended to use efficient processing equipment (Cascade unit, pulsation unit, electric mass classifier) ??and involve local unconventional raw materials (zeolite and calcite-containing rocks) in production. Tab. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.

The ways of increasing the efficiency of production of building ceramics - sanitary ware, facing tiles, etc. are shown. The effective use of the mineral resource base of the Urals is one of the ways to further increase the production of building ceramics.

The use of enriched kaolin from the Zhuravliniy Log deposit is widely used in the production of various ceramic products. On the basis of this kaolin, Plast-Rifey CJSC has mastered the production of chamotte suitable for the production of sanitary and other items, including large-sized and complex shapes. Il. 2.

As a result of research and industrial tests, it was found that the clays of the Gzhel deposit can be used in the production of bricks, facade and floor tiles, as well as majolica, pottery, art, architectural products, folk art products, etc. Table. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 1 titles.

Studies have shown that the integrated use of pegmatite "mountain" PT, granite screenings and alkaline kaolins in the composition of porcelain masses for the production of sanitary ceramics can reduce the consumption of high-quality quartz-feldspar materials and reduce the cost of production. Tab. 8, ill. 1, bibliography: 10 titles.

Some problems of transition of higher education in Russia to the "bachelor-master" training scheme in accordance with the requirements of the Bologna Declaration are considered. The reasons for this transition, its advantages and disadvantages are given. It is concluded that it is necessary to preserve after the "bachelor" degree along with the "master" degree the "specialist" (engineer) degree in order to preserve the fundamental nature of higher education in Russia. Bibliography: 4 titles.