VOL 83, No. 12 (2010)

The features of designing lines for transporting glass batch from compound shops to glass-making furnaces are considered. Variants of schemes using aboveground and underground galleries are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of various transport and technological equipment, which affect the quality of the glass batch, have been determined. Il. 5, bibliography: 2 titles.

The mechanism of microliquation in glasses of the R ₂ O - RO - TiO ₂ - P ₂ O ₅ - R 2 O ₃ - SiO ₂. In these glasses, after heat treatment, drop segregation leads to volumetric fine-dispersed sitallization of the crystalline component of the liquidating glass. The formation of secondary spherical inhomogeneities about 1 nm in size within the droplet-like formations intensifies the crystallization of glass after heat treatment. Il. 4, bibliography: 9 titles.

A gas-dynamic model of the formation of open and closed porosity of materials under the conditions of combustion of an SHS system, when there is a liquid phase (which can boil under certain conditions), the pressure of impurity gases, vapor of the liquid phase, external pressure or vacuum, is considered. It is shown that there is a critical pressure that characterizes the transition boundary between closed and open porosity. Experimental studies for the Ti - C system showed that the size of the open pores of the synthesized sample, measured over the sample volume, correlates with the calculated values ??that were obtained when considering the gas-dynamic model of the formation of open porosity using the theory of cavitation. Il. 3, bibliography: 9 titles.

The results of studies on the synthesis of brightly colored lilac and light green pigments in the CaO - SiO ₂ system with the addition of chromophore oxides and modifiers are presented. The process of formation of the structure of the pigment and the optimal temperature of synthesis have been established by methods of X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy. The results of testing pigments in glaze melts are indicated. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.

According to the developed technology of solid-phase sintering based on raw materials SiO ₂ nH ₂ O, ZrO ₂ and MnO ₂, Co ₃ O ₄, NiO As a source of chromophores, zircon ceramic pigments of gray, lilac and gray-lilac colors were obtained. The sizes of the crystals are, respectively, from 2 to 5 to 10 microns. The synthesized pigments were investigated by X-ray phase analysis using a spectral photometer and a scanning electron microscope. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliography: 3 titles.

The structure of the "casting spot" defect on porcelain items has been investigated. Recommendations for eliminating this defect are given. These recommendations can also be used in the manufacture of products by casting from earthenware, majolica and other materials. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 1 title.

Methods for measuring temperature and gas gradients in batch furnaces of a number of Gzhel enterprises for the production of artistic porcelain are considered. It is noted that the method of mapping furnaces of batch operation applied by the authors makes it possible to determine the gradients of temperatures and gaseous medium in the volume of the furnace cage. In this case, samples of porcelain mass, colored with iron and manganese oxides, temperature control rings were used. For a more uniform temperature distribution in the working zone of the furnace, it is recommended to use ALSITHERM refractory fiber for lining. Bibliography: 3 titles.

The mutual influence of the enamel components on the degree of its whiteness is considered. The influence of P ₂ O ₅ on the process of damping white single-layer enamels has been studied. It was found that the main role in the crystallization mechanism belongs to Li ₂ TiO ₃. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.

Domestic and foreign implantation materials for elimination of defects and deformations of bone tissues are considered. Comparative results of experimental morphological studies of these drugs are presented. The main results of the joint scientific and practical activities of the staff of the laboratory of the FSUE "TsNIIAG" and the specialists of the maxillofacial clinic of the State Institution MONIKI are presented. A new silicocalcium phosphate bioceramic is described for replacing bone defects in maxillofacial surgery, dentistry, neurosurgery and traumatology. Tab. 1, ill. 6, bibliography: 12 titles.