VOL 86, No. 1 (2013)

The main conditions for the dissolution of dyes in glass melts are considered: chemical interaction, diffusion, distribution in the volume or in a certain layer. The features of continuous volumetric and surface staining of glass in the production of containers and sheet glass are noted, the corresponding dependences are given.

The characteristics of residual stresses arising in the production of float glass are given. Their types, causes of occurrence, size and direction are described. The non-cut fault condition is mathematically derived. By means of simulation using ANSYS Structural software version 14.0, a picture of the stresses during the rise of the break bar was obtained and the critical parameters at which the glass breaks during the cutting process were determined.

As a result of calculating the influence of the volumetric effect of a chemical reaction on the porosity of the formation of the final product for the Al-Ni-Co system in vacuum, it is shown that the synthesized material will have a porosity of 7.6% more than the initial porosity P ₀ of the initial sample. To synthesize the SHS material with open porosity, the initial charge powders were mixed in a ball mill with Al ₂ O ₃ balls for 1 hour. The finished charge was poured into a graphite mold, which was placed in a vacuum furnace, and the temperature of the charge was brought to the autoignition temperature, then spontaneous combustion of the charge took place. The phase analysis of the samples, carried out on a DRON-Zm diffractometer, showed the presence of the main phase (CoNi) ₃ Al and free Ni. The pore size of the obtained samples was 2 - 2.5 ?m. The open porosity of the samples, estimated by the hydrostatic weighing method, was 42%.

Changes in the structure during heating of composites based on pyrophyllite raw materials from the Kul-Yurt-Tau deposit with a phosphate binder have been studied. The processes associated with the interaction of accompanying rocks with a phosphate binder have a great influence on their compaction and strengthening. The deformations of composites were studied in two temperature regimes: heating at a constant rate of temperature change and during isothermal holding. The results of the experiments make it possible to predict the behavior of materials during service in thermal units of various systems, to optimize the technological processes of manufacturing materials when obtaining products with specified characteristics.

Ceramic coatings based on organosilicon polymers have been investigated, and the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of coated and uncoated heat-shielding materials have been analyzed. It was found that ceramic coatings provide an increase in the mechanical properties of a gradient heat-shielding material based on the Al ₂ O ₃ - SiO ₂ system.

The possibility of increasing the permeability of glass fabric made of aluminoborosilicate glass with an epoxy anhydride binder due to the introduction of adhesive agents into the composition of the serial lubricant 4c has been studied. A wide range of wetting agents produced by various world manufacturers for fibrous and organosilicon dressings have been tested by the method of determining the penetrability by height of the capillary binder. By improving the lubricant, as well as counter-modifying the binder, it was possible to significantly increase the permeability of the reinforcing glass fabric.

Structural and morphological transformations in petrurgical materials under shock impacts have been studied. Synthetic mineral alloys serve as an example of petrurgical material. An analogy is drawn between impact metamorphism in nature and impact on a synthetic material. The established data make it possible to consider shock impact as a new type of synthesis.

The possibility of producing heat-insulating glass-composite material based on slag waste from thermal power plants (foam slag glass) is considered. A series of foam slag glass compositions (PSHS) has been developed. Water absorption, density, apparent porosity, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity have been determined. The microstructure of PShS samples with optimal properties was investigated, the composition for the production of high-quality heat-insulating material was revealed.