The results obtained when studying the behavior of samples based on a component containing natural magnesium silicates and clays of various chemical and mineralogical compositions indicate the active participation of dunite by-products of the mining and processing industry in the formation of the properties of decorative and finishing construction ceramics during firing. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 1 titles.
The results of research on obtaining modern ceramic materials with high performance characteristics are presented. The technological features of creating high-density wear-resistant ceramics based on partially stabilized zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, a mixture of these oxides, dense and porous materials from oxides of aluminum, zirconium, magnesium, silicon carbide, bioactive ceramics based on hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are considered. The prospects for the use of new ceramic materials for solving modern scientific and technical problems are shown. Il. 4, bibliography: 13 titles.
The influence of neodymium oxide on the formation of the microstructure of hard porcelain and the sintering process is considered. A scheme of the process of structure and phase formation in solid porcelain with the addition of neodymium oxide is proposed. It was found that the introduction of an additive of neodymium oxide into the composition of the porcelain mass and an increase in the firing temperature cause a more active recrystallization of mullite and crystallization of a new formation - neodymium orthosilicate - from the glass phase melt. Tab. 2, ill. 6, bibliography: 9 titles.
The uniformity of the surface of semi-finished products and ceramic products was investigated by the method of capillary suction. A comparison is made of the degree of surface heterogeneity, determined from the rate of liquid absorption by different areas of samples of different shapes, obtained by plastic molding, slip casting and semi-dry pressing. The effect of the firing temperature on the degree of inhomogeneity of the surface of the samples has been established. The method is proposed to be used to assess the water absorption of ceramics. Tab. 1, ill. 6, bibliography: 11 titles.
New moisture-sensitive ceramic materials have been obtained in the Li 2 MoO 4 - Li 2 WO 4 system. The use of the developed materials as humidity sensors has shown their promise for use in systems for controlling the humidity of gaseous technological media and atmospheric air, for example, in the construction industry, due to their miniature size, speed, high sensitivity and a wide range of operating temperatures and measured relative humidity. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliography: 12 titles.
At the final stage of sintering or during the operation of ceramics at high temperatures, the growth of its constituent crystals is observed. This occurs due to the action of surface tension forces (in this case, boundary tension) due to diffusion or cooperative mass transfer (shear, rotation). Tab. 1, ill. 11, bibliography: 10 titles.
A composition has been developed for obtaining a composite material with an anorthite crystalline phase for the manufacture of installation parts for low-voltage equipment. The effect of replacing a part of kaolin with clay on the performance characteristics of the material has been investigated. The possibility of increasing the strength of the material with an increase in the content of clay in the composition of the charge has been established. Il. 2, bibliography: 2 titles.
The features of the use of the colorimetric method for assessing the whiteness and yellowness of porcelain are considered. The whiteness index of porcelain allows you to rank samples by preference, which is the basis for assessing their competitiveness and when sorting products in production. It is impossible to distinguish specimens of hard porcelain from bone porcelain only in terms of whiteness or yellowness separately, but this is possible in the coordinates of the colorimetric space CIE L * A * B * 1976
Tab. 3, ill. 1, bibliography: 10 titles.
The effect of various pore-forming additives in the form of recycled Claus catalyst, gypsum and coke on the physical and technical characteristics and permeability of the structure of corundum ceramics on a phosphate bond has been investigated. Based on the analysis of gas-liquid porosimetry data, samples of high permeability were obtained, which were close to monostructural in terms of the distribution of the diameters of transport pores. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.
The possibility of obtaining cordierite ceramic pigments from a mixture of talc, kaolin and alumina using boiling and autoclaving methods has been investigated. It has been established that the use of autoclave treatment and boiling methods when preparing a charge for the production of ceramic pigments is expedient and promising, since it makes it possible to average and homogenize the components of the charge as much as possible. The autoclaving method, in comparison with the boiling method, is more laborious and requires a special sealed installation - an autoclave, but as a result of this method, pigments with a more stable and saturated color are obtained. Tab. 3, ill. 1, bibliography: 6 titles.
