The features of the surface structure of various types of ceramics are determined and their comparative characteristics are presented. The decoration of faience with colored glazes is considered and the composition of lead-free pigment faience glaze is described.
The effect of the electric field intensity and the percentage of multi-layer carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) on the strength of a composite consisting of unidirectional glass fibers has been studied. The results of tests of annular samples made by the winding method for different contents of MWCNTs in the composite and at different values ??of the electric field intensity are presented. Based on the test results, strength curves were constructed and a formula was obtained for the dependence of the strength of the composite on the intensity of the electric field and the percentage of MCNTs
A review of the literature on the production of fly ash at thermal power plants and the level of its processing in Russia and abroad is presented. The properties of fly ash and its fields of application are described. The use of fly ash in the production technology of refractory and heat-insulating ceramic materials as a source of aluminum and silicon oxides for the manufacture of refractory products based on mullite, cordierite or forsterite-spinel composition is considered in more detail.
The possibility of using wastes from the production of mineral wool (MB) and nepheline-syenite (NS) in the production of ceramics in order to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the samples, as well as their frost resistance has been investigated. The use of NS in the amount of 5 - 15 & # 37; increases the compressive strength of the samples to 17 & # 37; and reduces the density, water absorption and ultrasound speed in the samples to 5.2, 12.5 and 7 & # 37; after firing at a temperature of 1060 & # 176; C. An increase in the number of NS due to an increase in the number of pores, the diameter of which is 0.02 - 0.1 ?m in the samples, contributes to less destruction of the samples during the freeze-thaw process.
The sol-gel method was used to synthesize thin films for the SiO 2 -P 2 O 5 -CaO-ZnO system. Compositions and technology for producing thin-film materials on a silicon substrate (model substrate) have been developed. The structure of the films was investigated by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The influence of the concentration and content of components in the system on the properties of thin-film materials has been established. The materials obtained have high biological activity. The composition for obtaining a thin-film material with greater biological activity has been established
The dielectric characteristics of heat-resistant spheroplastics based on hollow ceramic microspheres and a heat-resistant binder based on aromatic polyamide - phenylone - have been investigated. The dielectric characteristics were measured by the waveguide method on a laboratory bench. The dependences of the tangent of the angle of dielectric losses on the frequency and the content of the binder in spheroplastics are obtained.
The difference in the mechanism of synthesis of yttrium-aluminum garnet Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG) from a mixture of double yttrium and ammonium carbonate NH 4 Y (CO 3 ) 2 & middot; H 2 O with aluminum and ammonium hydroxycarbonate NH 4 AlCO 3 (OH) 2 and mixtures of hydrated yttrium and aluminum oxides. Calcining a mixture of hydrated oxides leads to the formation of both Y 3 Al 5 O 12 and impurity phases Y 4 Al 2 O 9 and YAlO 3 , while after calcining the mixture of carbonates, a monophase YAG is formed. The difference in the mechanism of YAG synthesis is presumably due to the difference in particle sizes formed after calcination of carbonates and hydrated oxides.
The results of experimental studies on the manufacture of prototypes of the elements of the lining of the flame tube of the combustion chamber from a ceramic composite material are presented, the structure and physical and mechanical properties of prototype samples are investigated, high-temperature bench tests of prototypes are carried out as part of an experimental structurally similar sample of the flame tube.
Various designs of molten glass granulators used in the production of glass containers and other glass products are considered. The main advantages and disadvantages of such equipment installed in the lines of utilization and recycling of cullet are stated.
The effect of modifying oxides Nb 2 O 5 , BaO, Ga 2 O 3 , TiO 2 < / sub> on the glass-forming ability, thermal, physical and optical properties of glasses of the four-component system La 2 O 3 & # 8211; Al 2 O 3 & # 8211; B 2 O 3 & # 8211; SiO 2 (LABS). It was found that when modifying the LABS system, it is possible to achieve high values ??of the refractive index (n D = 1.81) in combination with low crystallization ability and the possibility of obtaining optically uniform glass castings up to 150 mm in size. The variety of coordination states of modifier cations determines their complex effect on the properties of glasses and the appearance of non-monotonic concentration dependences of properties. Synthesis of multicomponent glass in a 300 ml crucible using optical glass-making methods confirms the promising nature of this composition for its implementation on an industrial scale.
