The possibility of obtaining foam glass-crystalline material from zeolite-containing rocks is considered. It was found that grinding the zeolite-containing raw material to a particle size of less than 0.50 mm and the addition of 13.8% alkali provides the material at a firing temperature of 850 ° C with a bulk density of 340 kg / m 3 , strength 1.6 MPa and water absorption 13%. Granular foam zeolite with the addition of alkali is a glass-crystalline material with a higher strength compared to foam glass. Tab. 1, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.
The deformation of non-fired ceramic composites was investigated using the example of aluminophosphate cement, depending on the processing temperature and load. It was found that the nature and deformation of the samples tested during heating - cooling cycles change insignificantly (even under the influence of an external load of 0.3 MPa). The resistance of cement to deformation increases if it is subjected to heat treatment at a higher temperature or repeated testing in the heating-cooling mode. Tab. 2, ill. 5, bibliography: 1 title.
Shock-wave synthesis of the high-pressure and temperature mineral MgAl2O4 with the parameter a = 8.085 (3) A and the Laves phase MgCu 2 with a = 7.076 (2) A from a mixture of MgO and aluminum powder placed in copper preservation steel ampoule liner. Spinel MgAl 2 O 4 with a smaller lattice parameter - а = 8.0798 A was formed in the aluminum insert. 1, bibliography: 11 titles.
Compositions of condensed matter are calculated using thermodynamic modeling methods taking into account the existence of solid and liquid solutions from TiO 2 , TiO, Ti 2 O 3 , Ti 3 O 5 and Ti 4 O 7 , as well as partial pressures {TiO 2 }, {TiO}, {Ti}, {O 2 }, {O}, formed by heating the starting titanium dioxide in argon at a pressure of 9.8066 x; 10 -2 MPa in the temperature range 300 - 2485 K. The results obtained can be useful in describing chemical transformations occurring under conditions of high-temperature synthesis of complex types of ceramics with the participation of titanium dioxide, and in analyzing their composition. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 8 titles.
Methods used to analyze the regularities of the course of thermally activated processes are considered. It is shown that the most informative and reliable are non-isothermal methods. On the example of alumina materials modified with eutectic additives of the systems MnO - Al 2 O 3 - SiO 2 , CaO - ZnO - Al 2 < / sub> O 3 - SiO 2 and ZnO - TiO 2 , it was found that the densification kinetics obeys the first-order formal kinetics equation. The apparent activation energies of sintering have been determined. Calculation of the laws of sintering by methods of non-isothermal kinetics allows you to design the modes of heat treatment of products. Il. 1, bibliography: 4 titles.
A comparative study of the processes of phase formation of aluminum and chromo-magnesium spinels obtained from chemically precipitated mixtures has been carried out. It is shown that a significant difference in the formation of these spinels during heat treatment is due to the interaction of MgO and Al 2 O 3 during deposition, leading to the formation of crystalline hydrate Mg 5 Al 4 O 11 & times; 15Н 2 O. The formation of chromium-magnesium spinel is much slower and requires higher temperatures. It has been found that the fine chemical synthesis of MgOx; Al 2 O 3 and MgOx; Cr 2 O 3 contributes to a decrease in the temperature of completion of their formation by 400 - 500 and 150 - 200 ° C, respectively, in comparison with traditional solid-phase synthesis. Il. 2, bibliography: 16 titles.
It is shown that by introducing granodiorite from the Seversky granite quarry, regulating the grain size composition of the masses and using a combined method for preparing raw materials based on the clay of the Buskul deposit, it is possible to obtain acid-resistant bricks with stable properties and dimensions, with a higher strength (105 MPa) and low shrinkage (6.3 %). All properties of such products meet the requirements of GOST 474-90 for acid-resistant bricks of class A. Tab. 5, ill. 1, bibliography: 3 titles.
It was found that dextrin, which is part of the cobalt-containing paint, affects the quality of decorated ceramic products. Its content determines the likelihood of such defects as paint peeling and "cobalt metallization". With an increase in the amount of dextrin in the paint and an increase in its adhesive ability, the thickness of the glaze layer at the places where the paint is applied decreases, and the viscosity, contact angle and porosity of the glaze also decrease. It is recommended to add 13% dextrin to cobalt-containing paint. Tab. 4, ill. 3, bibliography: 1 title.
The possibility of using glauconite additives in the production of ceramics and their influence on the intensity of coloring of ceramics have been studied. It is shown that the effect of glauconite additives on the color of fired products depends on the composition of the clay, the amount of the additive, its specific surface area and the firing mode - the rate of temperature rise, maximum temperature, as well as the duration of firing. Tab. 2, ill. 3, bibliography: 8 titles.
Using the linear regression method, it was found that the optimal content of light fraction ash in the compositions of ceramic masses for the production of facade tiles from technogenic raw materials without the use of traditional natural materials is 47 - 48%. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 4 titles.
